Every technological Revolution will create huge change on GIS basic software, which brings major influence on GIS developers and end users.
GIS software develops very fast, which has 2 driving factors: requirement needs and IT driving.
On the IT driving part, GIS combines with IT technologies, the latest concept is ABC, which is AI, Big Data, Cloud Computing. Those technologies advanced the development of GIS software technology.
With the 2 drivers, the GIS technologies can be concluded as CCTB. In this article, we will introduce CCTB reversely.
In the modern society, massive data is being created every day. The technologies like Hadoop and Spark can be used for storing, managing and analyzing the data.
Most of the data has location attribute, like cellphone, network search, e-commerce, analyzing the spatial distribution and features of the big data allows big data having bigger value.
For those data, traditional GIS cannot manage or analyze directly, which requires big data technologies as support. Some GIS software manufacturer has introduced the big data technology to store, index, manage and analyze functions, lowering the difficulties of big data spatial analysis, letting more people use little programming or even without programming to manage spatial big data, this is big data GIS technologies.
3D GIS develops for nearly 20 years and acquired great success.
2D & 3D integration is the basic infrastructure for new 3D GIS. Besides traditional hand-made 3D modeling, new 3D technology also combines with oblique photogrammetry, point cloud, BIM and GIS combination. Oblique photogrammtry and point cloud technologies improve the realness, detail and production of 3D. BIM and point cloud allows 3D GIS transform from indoor to outdoor, from macro to micro.
C: Cloud Computing GIS
Cloud computing is to integrate calculation resources to efficiently use calculation resources. Cloud computing allows calculation in larger scale. Cloud GIS needs GIS running on cloud environment, or utilize the cloud computing advantages to improve the GIS services and calculation.
GIS software in cloud computing era needs the connection between cloud GIS and terminal GIS. In most applications, GIS platform also needs to provide thin client and reduces the maintenance cost.
In the cloud computing era, the GIS software on server is not just WebGIS or Service GIS, it also needs GIS portal software, cloud GIS management server software to improve the performance of cloud GIS.
Cross platform allows software run on different hardware and different OS. The hardware includes various servers, desktops and mobile devices. OS includes Window, Linux, Unix and Android, iOS. The cross platform needs to solve the following issues.
First is to support the mainstream servers. Most servers use Linux server, which is more stable and effective. How can GIS platform supports them directly influence the performance.
Second is to support different terminals. When it is online, B/S allows terminals accessing different servers. When it is offline, whether GIS can access different terminal is a challenge.
In the 4 directions of CCTB, cross-platform is driven by requirements and cloud computing, 3D and big data are driven by technologies. The 4 directions will influence the development of GIS application. GIS will also create new technological direction.
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