【Introduction】Building a 3D land space basic information platform based on a 3D digital base enables 4D natural resource data management in the whole domain, all space and throughout the whole process with all elements of 3D, serving land space planning, use control, ecological restoration and natural resources investigation and monitoring, confirmation and registration of rights, asset management, development and utilization, etc. It will help natural resources informatization enter the 3D world.
The establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China with the main responsibility of exercising "two unifications" marks that China’s natural resource management has entered the "Natural Resource Age" from the "National Land Era". Natural resources including land, minerals, water, forest, mountains, grassland, wasteland, mud flat are distributed in different spatial dimensions. The comprehensive and integrated management of natural resources urgently needs to transform from 2D to 3D, and the business systems related to natural resources need to be upgraded from 2D, which focuses space management to 3D, which enables digital space construction so that refined management of natural resources under the ground, on the surface and above the ground can be realized.
SuperMap's 3D digital base makes full use of 3D GIS, BIM, IoT and other Digital Twin technologies to gather and integrate multi-source 3D information models of cities to support the construction of 3D spatial governance applications at different levels such as cities, parks, and buildings.
The 3D land space basic information platform based on the SuperMap 3D digital base will enable 4D natural resource data management in the whole domain, all space and the whole process with all elements of three-dimensional. It will serve land space planning, use control, ecological restoration and natural resources investigation and monitoring, confirmation and registration of rights, asset management, development and utilization, etc. facilitating natural resources informatization enter the 3D world.
SuperMap has undertaken the construction of a 3D map of natural resources of China’s Ministry of Natural Resources, the 3D spatio-temporal database of natural resources of China’s National Geographic Information Center, and dozens of provincial-level key projects in Henan Province, Liuzhou City, and Xianning City, etc. Among them, the 3D map of natural resources is the most typical case. We’ll give a detailed introduction below.
A 3D map of the Ministry of Natural Resources
The Information Center of China’s Ministry of Natural Resources and SuperMap jointly build a national 3D map of natural resources, supported by safe and efficient "one network", 3D "one map", and independent controllable "one platform". Based on SuperMap 3D GIS technology of new generation, the map empowers the dimensional upgrade of the life community of natural resources, and realizes the in-depth integration of data of full domain and full elements, data of multiple source, multiple scale, and multi-dimensional massive heterogeneous data. Taking the information system of the Ministry of Natural Resources for investigation and evaluation, regulatory decision-making, and government services into consideration, the map comprehensively enhances the 3D dynamic monitoring of natural resources and situational awareness capabilities, comprehensive supervision and scientific decision-making capabilities, and "one-stop" and opening and sharing capabilities for government affairs. It has also improved the integration, refinement, and intelligence of above-ground and underground natural resource management.
The construction results, main services and application results of the Ministry of Natural Resources' 3D one map are as follows:
Construction Results
The one map has formed a unified 3D natural data resource system that covers resources both at land and sea. The project uses the digital surface model as the skeleton, high-resolution images as the covering background, natural resource survey and monitoring results as the base, land and space planning data as the bottom line of control, and natural resource management data as the business core to build a natural resource "one map" version 2.0. The project also upgraded 3D national land space basic information platform. In the project, an informatization mechanism that supports data resource system management and application service has been formed to provide a data and technical basis for the establishment of the land space planning system, use control and ecological restoration, natural resource rights registration and other land space development, utilization and protection patterns in the new era.
At present, a 3D "one map" data resource system covering the whole country has been built, including more than 5,000 layers of underground resources, surface substrate, base, surface cover, planning control, management, and society and economy, more than 11 billion elements in total. The map has provided 700 data services, 168 data products, and 169 application services, realizing integrated storage and management of multi-source heterogeneous data, and 3D visual expression and analysis functions.
Main Service
1. Data service
At present, the data service includes 4 categories of data, including status quo, management and control, management, and social economy. The platform provides service browsing, application, and data download for these data services, which can meet the needs of users for data and services.
2. Thematic services
Functional services include general application services and big data services, such as spatial analysis services, query services, sharing services, Big Data comprehensive analysis services, etc., which can meet the application needs of users for Big Data analysis or traditional analysis.
3. Data products
The platform has the ability to independently process and generate data products, and can finally generate data products through online analysis, online smart maps, dynamic addition of services, and free combination of various basic functions. Data products can be browsed and shared.
Application Effectiveness
At present, the project is practicing and exploring in the aspects of full-space 3D natural resource intelligent perception management, full 3D support for intelligent approval and government affairs management with 3D assisted decision-making, 3D assisted geological disaster management application, and 3D mineral resource management application.
Combined with the customized 3D analysis of natural resource management business, the project provides comprehensive Big Data analysis capabilities, including basic farmland slope analysis, land use occupation analysis in the third national land resource survey, natural reserve occupation analysis, planning site selection and construction land approval analysis, etc. For example, based on the 3D slope and aspect analysis, we can use the slope analysis function of the project to analyze suitable agricultural land resources in the current natural resources, so as to analyze whether the existing and newly transferred basic farmlands meet China’s national basic requirements; the project can also be used to supervise the conversion of farmland to forestry, and conversion of farmland to grassland, so as to avoid the violation of the overall plan for land use in the name of returning farmland to forestry in some areas.
Figure 1 3D “one map” of natural resources: 3D slope aspect analysis and classification of agriculturally suitable resources
In addition, it can also serve mine governance and mine supervision functions based on the 3D panorama of the project, conduct quarterly comparative analysis of mines, monitor if the mining is conducted cross-border or exceeds the scope of approval planning, and whether a mine is over exploited, etc.
Figure 2 3D “one map” of natural resources: 3D Panorama Serving Mine Governance and Mine Supervision
