[Part 11] Finding the Optimal Route! Transportation Network Analysis with iDesktopX

Hello! I'm ippuku_time, a GIS implementation support consultant.

Welcome to the 11th installment of our "Learn SuperMap iDesktopX in 5 Minutes" series! In the last article, we explored powerful GIS spatial analysis functions, including buffer analysis and overlays.

This time, we'll dive into transportation network analysis, a feature closely connected to everyday life. Let’s take a look at the GIS technology behind familiar services such as car navigation and delivery route planning!

What Is Transportation Network Analysis?

Transportation network analysis calculates and analyzes results such as optimal paths, reachable areas, or nearest facilities using network data like roads or railways.

Unlike simple “lines” on a map, the network treats data as intelligent entities with rules and costs, including:

• one-way streets

• turn restrictions (e.g., no right turn at an intersection)

• average speed differences between roads

• distance, time, or toll costs

Figure 11-1: Searching for the optimal route on the Minato Ward road network

1. Preparing for Analysis: Building a Network Dataset

Before analysis begins, regular road line data must be converted into a network dataset.

This defines intersections (connectivity) and allows you to assign cost values such as time or distance.

iDesktopX provides dedicated tools that make building a network dataset from existing line data fast and easy.

2. Main Transportation Network Analysis Functions in iDesktopX

Once your network dataset is ready, it's time to analyze! Here are the key functions:

(1) Shortest Path Analysis

Finds the best route — not only by distance, but also travel time, cost, or other criteria.

Example: Calculate the fastest route from Roppongi Hills to Shinagawa Station, considering morning traffic conditions.

(2) Service Area Analysis

Calculates reachable areas from a point within a specified time or distance and outputs them as polygons.

Examples:

• Visualize areas reachable within 5 minutes from Azabu Fire Station for emergency planning.

• Define delivery coverage areas.

(3) Closest Facility Analysis

Searches for the nearest facility/facilities and calculates the route to them.

Example: A patient collapses at Tokyo Tower! The system instantly finds the three nearest emergency hospitals, calculates routes and estimated arrival times.

 (4) Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP)

Calculates the optimal visitation order and route for multiple destinations.

Example: Determine the shortest route for the Minato Ward community bus "Chibus" to visit all 15 stops.

(5) Logistics & Distribution Analysis (VRP)

An advanced version of TSP. Used when multiple vehicles depart from a depot to deliver cargo to multiple locations, considering constraints like load capacity and working hours.

Example: Optimize delivery routes for multiple trucks transporting goods from a Konan logistics center to supermarkets across Minato Ward.

3. Special Application: Dynamic Segmentation

This advanced, yet highly valuable function manages infrastructure data like roads, railways, and pipelines without splitting the line data.

It links attributes to distance-based segments (e.g., “5.2 km to 5.8 km”).

Example: Manage Metropolitan Expressway pavement conditions, traffic volume, and accident history by segment.

Summary

In this article, we introduced the transportation network analysis functions of iDesktopX. From optimal routes to service areas and complex logistics planning, these tools transform simple maps into powerful decision-support systems for industries such as:

• logistics

• urban planning

• disaster response

• marketing

Next time in Part 12: Analyzing Lifelines! Facility Network Analysis — exploring networks where flow direction matters, such as water, gas, and electricity. Stay tuned!

Source and sample code: SuperMap Japan https://supermap-japan.blogspot.com/2025/09/11idesktopx.html